The study of hyponymic taxonomy in English linguistics and the lexical and semantic relations of hyponymy

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of hyponymy in English linguistics, in which the peculiaritiesof hypero-hyponymic relations are analyzed. The study of lexical series and lexical units linked on thebasis of a hypero-hyponymic relationship implies that the structure of the English dictionary and lexicalunits is organized as a system, with a systemic character. The article is also devoted to the lexical andsyntactic relations of hyponymy, in which the peculiarities of hypero-hyponymic relations are analyzed.Hyponymy is the cognitiveprocessing of information, an important means of categorizing words and oneof the most important processes in human cognitive activity. The hyponym and hyperonym relationshiis very important in introducing a logical connection in speech byexpressingthe meaning of words. Therange of things that are considered hyponymics in taxonomies is argued that hyponymy is a broadconcept. The taxonomic width semantics of a lexical field is defined by a field name that combines severalfeatures that allow the level name to be assigned to different ideographic classes. The taxonomic breadthof the semantic level is also determined by the fact that the word does not exist as an isolated unit in thelexicon, interacting with other units to form different semantic paradigms. In the selection of lexicalrepresentatives of meaning, it was found that the structure of the semantic steps around the name of theconcept differs in terms of taxonomic depth and taxonomic breadth. The article aims to gain a deeperunderstanding of the basic relationship that determines the hierarchical structure of individual semanticfields and the lexical system of language in general, hyponymy based on logical-semantic subordination.