Perceptions Of School Heads, Teachers, And Parents Regarding Application Of Peace As Value Education In Public And Private Secondary Schools

Abstract

Peace is considered the cornerstone for the promotion and development of any nation because peace comes along with collaboration, positive thinking, and unity. In this descriptive study, all boys Secondary schools (both Public and Private schools) comprised the population of the study in which all male school heads, teachers, and parents were taken as the target population. The total numbers (n = 352) respondents were selected as samples of the study out of (N = 10161) respondents through John Curry Sample Size rule of thumb by applying simple random, stratified, Judgmental (purposive/ authoritative) and disproportionate sampling techniques. A self-developed questionnaire of 6- points Likert scale was used to collect data from the respondents. Content and face validity of the instrument along with reliability was ensured. Cronbach’s Alpha was used to analyze and assess the internal consistency of the research instrument. The key purpose of the study was to know the perceptions of school heads, teachers, and parents regarding the application of peace as a valuable education in Public and Private Secondary schools. Data were entered into SPSS to statistically analyze it by using t-test and One Way ANOVA. Data was delimited male school heads, teachers, and parents of secondary school students in district Lakki Marwat. Findings, Results, and conclusions were drawn by revealing that teachers were more sensitive and serious regarding the application of peace on students at the school level. In the end, some recommendations were also suggested to ensure peace in all educational institutions for the betterment and quality of education.