A Theoretical Approach View On Water And Their Chemistry

Abstract

The origin of water on the earth is not clear so far. However, the current presumption is the primordial earth had no oceans and perhaps the very little atmosphere. It is believed that the volatile constituents bound in the earth crust, oozing to the surface through volcanoes, rock movements and hot springs, condensed to form the ocean, atmosphere and mountains. This way perhaps this remarkable combination of hydrogen and oxygen called water come into being and eventually become an indispensable component of earth’s environments. Chemically, water is the mono-oxide of Hydrogen i.e. (H.O.H). It freely disassociated into hydrogen and hydroxyl ions. The ionization product (H+) and (OH-) is about 10-4. Water is a colourless liquid and possesses a high dielectric constant (81), and therefore salts get highly ionized when dissolved in water but not so in the other solvents. Due to this property, water is known as the universal solvent present on the earth that is why natural water contains many salts in dissolved form. Based on the amount of these salts dissolved in the earth only 3% of the total water (approximately 1.4 billion cubic kilometre) is fresh and
suitable for human consumption of this, less than 0.01% is associated with rivers and streams.