Indonesian Disaster Governance: Public Policy and Social Economic Impact

Hasbullah, Muhammad Ahsan Samad, Muhammad Nur Ali, Maddukelleng, Muhammad Khairil

Abstract
This study discussed disaster governance-related public policies and described the socio-economic effects of the post-28 September 2018 disaster in Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study also examines the involvement of NGOs in the post-disaster recovery process. This study was based on a qualitative method with case studies approach which also examines literature studies and latest data that sourced from various explorative social elements. Primary data were obtained through interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). Secondary data were obtained from various studies such as scientific journals and online news media sources, both local and national. Primary data and secondary data were processed using the triangulation method. The obtained data were grouped and reduced to obtain more accurate results. Data validation is carried out by free interviews with key informants. The results showed that the main tasks and functions overlap between government agencies in disaster management were found. Post-disaster reconstruction process showed the program time-frame, infrastructure improvements, social, economic conditions, and national and regional government policies. Socio-economic recovery was carried out two to four months after the disaster. However, the process of reconstruction and physical or infrastructure rehabilitation resulted in an economic and psychological conflict. The infrastructure recovery programs planning and realization process did not involve the survivors, thus social disparities arise. The national government has prepared several economic instruments to restore the impacted area. This study can be utilized by regional governments of disaster-prone areas in Indonesia to provide initial policies before disasters occur. This study can also be used by social science academics who are interested in disaster governance studies. From our research and examinations, there are very few studies related to disaster government in disaster-prone areas in Indonesia. Dominant research is still related to post-disaster geological conditions. This research is to fill that gap.

Key words: Disaster governance, Hazard, Indonesian disaster, Risk Governance

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